Development of science and technology in Nepal
Nepal has been a late starter in
modem science and technology.
In pursuance of self- reliance, it
developed technological
capabilities in some specific
areas such as agriculture, civil
engineering, architecture,
metallurgy, water management,
medicine, textile and paper
manufacture, dyeing and food
technology. Its isolation for over
a century, coinciding with the
Industrial Revolution in the West
and colonial incursion in India,
deprived the country from the
advances in S&T elsewhere.
After the advent of democracy in
1950, the country embarked on
the path of modernisation. An
initiation in S& T activities took
place, along with the inception
of a development plan, in 1956.
The S& T sector received its due
impor tance in development plan
in the Sixth Plan (1980-85).
Nepal's new constitution, promul
gated in 1990, has emphasised
the importance of S&T explicitly
by including a Directive Principle
to promote its advancement.
Major S&T organisations,
including a science academy,
the Ministry for Science and
Technology, and several
research centres and insti
tutions for higher education in
science have evolved during last
five decades. However, with the
low ratio of S&T manpower (0.4
per 1, 000 population) and low
R&D expenditure (0.35 per cent
of GNP), Nepal faces formidable
challenges seeking political
commitments with long-term
vision and recognition of S&T as
the strategic variable for overall
national development.
modem science and technology.
In pursuance of self- reliance, it
developed technological
capabilities in some specific
areas such as agriculture, civil
engineering, architecture,
metallurgy, water management,
medicine, textile and paper
manufacture, dyeing and food
technology. Its isolation for over
a century, coinciding with the
Industrial Revolution in the West
and colonial incursion in India,
deprived the country from the
advances in S&T elsewhere.
After the advent of democracy in
1950, the country embarked on
the path of modernisation. An
initiation in S& T activities took
place, along with the inception
of a development plan, in 1956.
The S& T sector received its due
impor tance in development plan
in the Sixth Plan (1980-85).
Nepal's new constitution, promul
gated in 1990, has emphasised
the importance of S&T explicitly
by including a Directive Principle
to promote its advancement.
Major S&T organisations,
including a science academy,
the Ministry for Science and
Technology, and several
research centres and insti
tutions for higher education in
science have evolved during last
five decades. However, with the
low ratio of S&T manpower (0.4
per 1, 000 population) and low
R&D expenditure (0.35 per cent
of GNP), Nepal faces formidable
challenges seeking political
commitments with long-term
vision and recognition of S&T as
the strategic variable for overall
national development.
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